What characterizes a social movement?

A social movement is characterized by a widely shared demand for change, as it reflects collective efforts by a group of people who come together to advocate for specific social, political, or economic issues. This collective action is driven by a common purpose and is often aimed at addressing grievances, pushing for policy changes, or seeking social justice. The focus on a shared demand indicates that the movement has the potential to mobilize individuals around a cause, fostering a sense of solidarity and urgency.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately capture the essence of a social movement. A series of protests without a specific goal lacks the foundational movement characteristic of a clear demand for change, making it more fragmented and less cohesive. An organized campaign against a political leader is more focused on individual opposition rather than a broader movement for societal change. Lastly, a temporary trend in public opinion suggests a fleeting interest rather than the sustained effort and structural organization typically found in social movements, which are marked by ongoing campaigns and long-term commitment to change.