What does the 27th Amendment limit?

The 27th Amendment specifically addresses congressional pay increases, establishing a limitation on the power of Congress to alter its own salary during the current term. This amendment states that any change in the compensation for members of Congress will not take effect until the subsequent term, effectively preventing lawmakers from giving themselves immediate pay raises. The intent behind this provision is to hold Congress accountable to the electorate, ensuring that any salary adjustments are subject to public scrutiny and the political consequences of the next elections.

In this context, the other options do not align with the 27th Amendment's focus. The amendment does not govern taxation laws, nor does it impact the states' ability to vote on congressional pay. Additionally, it is unrelated to the scheduling of Congress's meeting times. Therefore, the emphasis of the 27th Amendment on congressional salaries distinguishes it as the correct answer.