Which amendment prohibits Congress and states from imposing poll taxes?

The 24th Amendment is significant because it specifically prohibits the imposition of poll taxes in federal elections. Ratified in 1964, this amendment aimed to eliminate a financial barrier that disproportionately affected low-income individuals and minorities, effectively disenfranchising them. Poll taxes were used as a means to restrict voting rights, so the 24th Amendment was a crucial step towards ensuring equal access to the electoral process for all citizens.

In the context of the listed choices, the other amendments focus on different issues. The 22nd Amendment limits the number of terms a President can serve, the 26th Amendment lowers the voting age to 18, and the 19th Amendment grants women the right to vote. None of these provide protections against poll taxes, making the 24th Amendment the only correct answer regarding the prohibition of such taxes in elections.