Which of the following describes de facto segregation?

De facto segregation refers to a form of segregation that occurs in practice, even though it is not enforced by laws or government policy. Instead, it often arises from social, economic, or residential patterns. For instance, when different racial or ethnic groups tend to live in separate neighborhoods due to factors like economic status, personal choices, or historical migration patterns, this constitutes de facto segregation.

The essence of de facto segregation lies in its organic emergence from societal behaviors and practices rather than explicit legal requirements. This can lead to significant disparities in education, resources, and opportunities, highlighting the interconnectedness of race and socio-economic status within communities.

Other options suggest various forms of segregation or enforcement; for example, government-mandated segregation is specifically known as de jure segregation, while corporate enforcement implies a direct action or policy by businesses rather than a societal structure. Universal acceptance is not a characteristic that defines segregation but rather relates to societal norms and values. Therefore, the choice that accurately represents the essence of de facto segregation is the one highlighting the role of residential patterns.